Preserving Spanish Colonial Treasures: Conservation Lessons from the Richard August Collection

Introduction: The Collector’s Legacy

I’ve seen too many valuable pieces ruined by improper cleaning or storage. Here is how to keep this safe for the next generation.

The recent Stack’s Bowers sale of the Richard August Collection has reignited discussions about proper preservation techniques for Spanish Colonial coinage. As collectors and historians, we have a responsibility to ensure these historical artifacts survive for future generations. The auction results, while impressive, also highlight the importance of proper conservation methods that can make the difference between a coin that appreciates in numismatic value and one that deteriorates beyond repair.

Understanding the Enemy: Environmental Threats

Spanish Colonial coins, particularly those from the Pillar and Portrait series, face numerous environmental threats that can compromise their integrity. The most insidious of these is PVC damage, which occurs when coins are stored in soft plastic flips or holders containing polyvinyl chloride. Over time, PVC breaks down and releases hydrochloric acid, causing irreversible green slime damage to the coin’s surface.

Identifying PVC Damage

Look for these telltale signs of PVC contamination:

• Green or yellow deposits on the coin surface
• A sticky or oily residue
• Cloudy appearance on the coin’s surface
• Irregular toning patterns that seem to follow the coin’s contours

The Toning Debate: Natural Beauty vs. Artificial Enhancement

One of the most contentious topics in coin conservation is toning. The Richard August Collection demonstrated that natural toning can significantly enhance a coin’s value, particularly for Spanish Colonial pieces where original surfaces are highly prized. However, artificial toning or attempts to remove toning can drastically reduce a coin’s collectibility.

Natural Toning Characteristics

Authentic toning on Spanish Colonial coins typically exhibits:

• Gradual color transitions
• Even distribution across the coin’s surface
• Consistency with the coin’s age and storage conditions
• Enhancement of the coin’s original details rather than obscuring them

Why You Should Never Clean Valuable Coins

The auction results clearly showed that collectors are willing to pay premiums for coins with original surfaces. Cleaning, even when done carefully, removes the microscopic layer of metal that contains the coin’s original surface details. This is particularly devastating for Spanish Colonial coins, where the strike quality and surface preservation are key value determinants.

Proper Storage Solutions

Based on observations from the Richard August Collection, proper storage is paramount for preserving these historical treasures. Richard August himself was known for using 2×2 envelopes and boxes, which provided excellent protection for decades.

Recommended Storage Materials

For Spanish Colonial coins, consider these storage options:

• Archival-quality 2×2 paper envelopes
• Acid-free coin tubes for bulk storage
• Hard plastic holders (PCGS, NGC) for high-value pieces
• Temperature and humidity-controlled environments

Environmental Control

Maintain these conditions for optimal preservation:

• Temperature: 65-70°F (18-21°C)
• Relative humidity: 45-55%
• Minimal exposure to direct sunlight
• Protection from air pollutants and sulfur compounds

Handling Techniques for Maximum Preservation

Even with perfect storage, improper handling can damage valuable coins. The Richard August Collection demonstrated that coins in original, untouched condition command the highest premiums.

Proper Handling Protocol

Always follow these guidelines when handling Spanish Colonial coins:

• Wear clean, cotton gloves
• Hold coins by their edges only
• Work on a soft, clean surface
• Avoid breathing directly on the coin surface
• Never use tools that could scratch the surface

Documentation and Provenance

The Richard August Collection highlighted the importance of proper documentation. Richard’s practice of noting purchase prices and dates in his 2×2 envelopes created valuable provenance that enhanced the coins’ historical significance and market value.

Creating Your Own Provenance Records

Maintain detailed records including:

• Purchase date and price
• Previous owners (if known)
• Condition notes and photographs
• Storage history
• Any conservation work performed

Professional Conservation Services

For coins requiring professional attention, seek out conservation experts who specialize in Spanish Colonial coinage. The high prices achieved in the Richard August sale demonstrate that collectors value professional conservation when it’s necessary and properly documented.

When to Seek Professional Help

Consider professional conservation for:

• Active PVC damage
• Severe environmental contamination
• Stabilization of unstable surfaces
• Documentation for high-value pieces

Conclusion: Preserving History for Future Generations

The Richard August Collection sale has provided valuable lessons in both the market value and preservation needs of Spanish Colonial coinage. As collectors and historians, we must balance our desire to own these pieces with our responsibility to preserve them. By following proper conservation techniques, we ensure that these historical artifacts continue to educate and inspire future generations while maintaining their significant market value.

The strong prices achieved in this auction, particularly for coins in original, well-preserved condition, demonstrate that proper conservation is not just about preservation—it’s about preserving value. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just beginning your journey with Spanish Colonial coins, remember that every decision you make regarding cleaning, storage, and handling will impact not only the coin’s current value but its ability to survive for centuries to come.

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