The Critical Care Guide for Your 1937 Buffalo Nickel

The Hidden Dangers Lurking in Your Collection

I’ve seen too many valuable pieces ruined by improper cleaning or storage. Here is how to keep this safe for the next generation.

Understanding the 1937 Buffalo Nickel

The 1937 Buffalo Nickel, designed by James Earle Fraser, represents one of America’s most iconic coin designs. Featuring a Native American profile on the obverse and an American bison on the reverse, this coin was minted from 1913 to 1938. The 1937 issue was produced at three mints: Philadelphia (no mint mark), Denver (D), and San Francisco (S).

Why This Coin Needs Special Attention

The 1937 Buffalo Nickel in question shows signs of severe damage that could have been prevented. The corrosion patterns suggest exposure to aqueous acid, while the solder on the reverse indicates it was likely mounted in jewelry at some point. The wire brushing on the obverse was an attempt to restore shine but actually removed metal and damaged the coin’s surface.

The Science of Toning and Oxidation

Natural toning on silver and copper coins creates beautiful patinas that collectors prize. However, nickel alloys like those in Buffalo Nickels react differently. Over time, nickel can develop a dull gray or greenish patina through oxidation. This natural process is generally harmless and can actually protect the underlying metal.

Proper storage prevents accelerated oxidation. Store your coins in a cool, dry environment with stable temperature and humidity. Avoid areas prone to temperature fluctuations like attics, basements, or garages.

PVC Damage: The Silent Killer

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is found in many cheap coin holders and flips. When exposed to heat and humidity, PVC breaks down and releases acidic gases that can cause irreversible green slime damage to coins. This damage appears as a sticky, greenish film that eats into the metal surface.

Always use PVC-free holders made from materials like polyester, polyethylene, or archival-quality paper. These materials won’t react with your coins over time.

Proper Holders: Your First Line of Defense

The right holder does more than just display your coin—it protects it from environmental damage. For Buffalo Nickels, consider these options:

• Archival-quality flips with no PVC
• Airtight capsules for individual coins
• Acid-free cardboard 2×2 holders with Mylar windows
• Temperature and humidity-controlled storage boxes

Avoid storing coins in direct contact with other metals, as galvanic corrosion can occur. Each coin should have its own protective space.

To Clean or Not to Clean: The Eternal Question

This is where many collectors make fatal mistakes. The 1937 Buffalo Nickel we’re examining shows clear evidence of improper cleaning attempts. Here’s the golden rule: never clean valuable coins.

Cleaning a coin is like sanding down a painting to remove a smudge—you destroy the original surface and significantly reduce value.

If your coin has accumulated dirt or grime, consult a professional numismatist. They may recommend gentle methods like soaking in distilled water or using specialized conservation techniques that preserve the coin’s surface integrity.

Identifying Fire and Heat Damage

The forum discussion suggests this coin may have experienced fire damage or extreme heat exposure. Heat can cause several problems:

• Metal expansion and contraction leading to stress cracks
• Changes in surface coloration and luster
• Potential melting of protective oxide layers
• Distortion of the coin’s original shape

Once heat damage occurs, it cannot be reversed. Prevention through proper storage is essential.

Jewelry Modifications: Permanent Alterations

The solder on the reverse of this 1937 Buffalo Nickel indicates it was likely mounted in jewelry. This practice, common in the mid-20th century, permanently damages coins by:

• Adding foreign metal that can corrode differently
• Creating stress points where the solder bonds
• Potentially removing small amounts of metal during the soldering process
• Making professional grading impossible

Coins modified for jewelry typically have minimal collector value, regardless of their original condition or rarity.

Wire Brushing: The Most Destructive Practice

The forum mentions wire brushing on the obverse, a practice that should never be performed on collectible coins. Wire brushing:

• Removes the original mint luster and surface details
• Creates microscopic scratches that accelerate future corrosion
• Eliminates the natural flow lines that create a coin’s eye appeal
• Can remove small amounts of metal, changing the coin’s weight

Once wire brushed, a coin’s numismatic value is typically reduced to its melt value or slightly above.

Proper Storage Techniques for Long-Term Preservation

To protect your 1937 Buffalo Nickel and other collectibles:

1. Store in a climate-controlled environment (65-70°F, 45-55% humidity)
2. Use only archival-quality holders and albums
3. Keep coins away from direct sunlight and fluorescent lighting
4. Handle coins only by their edges, using clean, dry hands or cotton gloves
5. Document your collection with photographs and detailed descriptions
6. Consider insurance for valuable pieces

Professional Conservation Options

For coins with existing damage, professional conservation services can sometimes improve appearance without reducing value. These experts use techniques like:

• Careful removal of PVC residue
• Stabilization of active corrosion
• Removal of adhesives or tape residue
• Application of protective coatings

Always work with NGC, PCGS, or independently certified conservators who understand the delicate balance between preservation and restoration.

The Value of Proper Preservation

A well-preserved 1937 Buffalo Nickel in MS-65 condition might be worth $50-100, while one with the damage described in this forum thread might be worth only $1-2 as a filler coin. The difference represents not just monetary value but historical preservation.

Conclusion: Your Role as a Preservationist

Every collector serves as a temporary custodian of historical artifacts. The 1937 Buffalo Nickel you hold today could survive for centuries with proper care, or it could be destroyed in minutes through improper handling. By understanding the threats to your collection and implementing proper preservation techniques, you ensure that these pieces of American history remain intact for future generations to study and appreciate.

Remember: the goal isn’t just to own a coin, but to preserve a piece of our cultural heritage. Handle your collection with the respect it deserves, and it will reward you with lasting beauty and historical significance.

Related Resources

You might also find these related articles helpful:

• Grading 1937 Buffalo Nickel: The Difference Between $10 and $1,000 – The Critical Importance of Condition in Coin Grading Condition is everything in numismatics. A 1937 Buffalo Nickel in pr…
• 1937 Buffalo Nickel Authentication: 5 Critical Tests to Verify Authenticity – Historical Significance The 1937 Buffalo Nickel stands as a true American classic, marking one of the final chapters in …
• 1937 Buffalo Nickel: Die Cracks, Double Dies, and Mint Mark Variations That Make Collectors Rich – Historical Significance of the 1937 Buffalo Nickel The 1937 Buffalo Nickel, designed by James Earle Fraser, represents o…