Preserving America’s Forgotten Restrike: A Collector’s Guide to the Collis Washington Medal

Historical Significance

Throughout my years in numismatics, I’ve witnessed countless valuable pieces ruined by improper cleaning or storage. Here’s how to keep your Collis restrikes safe for future generations.

The 1792 Washington Born Virginia medal represents a pivotal chapter in American numismatic history. These uniface restrikes, crafted by Albert Collis in 1959, bridge colonial-era artistry with modern collecting. Understanding their historical context helps us appreciate why proper preservation matters so deeply.

The original medals were struck from dies engraved by John Gregory Hancock in 1792, making them among the earliest American medals depicting our first president. When Collis created his transfer dies in 1959, he produced a limited run across multiple metals, each with its own rarity and historical significance.

Identifying Key Markers

Before discussing preservation, it’s crucial to identify what makes these pieces unique. The Collis restrikes are uniface, meaning only one side bears the design. The obverse features a right-facing bust of Washington with the legend “WASHINGTON BORN VIRGINIA” encircling the portrait.

According to documented mintages, the distribution across metals was remarkably varied:

• Platinum (1) – The ultimate rarity
• Lead (1) – Equally unique
• Gold (7) – Extremely rare
• Silver (22) – Rare but occasionally available
• Copper (5,019) – The most common, yet still historically significant

The copper versions show the most toning variations due to their high mintage and varied storage conditions over the decades. Silver specimens often display beautiful cabinet toning, while gold pieces maintain their original luster if properly stored.

Understanding Toning and Oxidation

Toning is perhaps the most misunderstood aspect of coin preservation. Many collectors mistakenly believe that colorful toning damages a coin, when in fact, natural toning often protects the surface beneath.

For copper Collis restrikes, you’ll typically see a range of brown to reddish hues. This is normal oxidation that occurs when copper is exposed to air and moisture. The key is to distinguish between natural toning and harmful corrosion.

Natural toning appears as even coloration that develops slowly over time. It often shows subtle variations in hue across the surface. Harmful corrosion, by contrast, appears as green or blue deposits, rough spots, or areas where the surface seems to be deteriorating.

Silver specimens develop toning through a different process. When silver is exposed to sulfur compounds in the air, it forms silver sulfide, creating the beautiful blues, purples, and golds that many collectors prize. This toning actually forms a protective layer over the silver beneath.

The PVC Danger

One of the most destructive threats to these medals comes from an unexpected source: polyvinyl chloride, commonly found in older plastic coin holders and flips.

PVC releases acidic gases over time, especially in warm conditions. These gases can cause a distinctive green slime to form on coin surfaces, particularly on copper and silver. Once PVC damage occurs, it’s often irreversible and can significantly reduce a coin’s value.

Modern archival-quality holders are made from materials like Mylar or other inert plastics that won’t harm your coins. Always check your storage materials and replace any that might contain PVC.

Proper Holders and Storage

The right storage solution depends on your collection’s size and your display preferences. For individual pieces, consider these options:

• Archival flips made from Mylar or similar inert materials
• Air-tite holders with gaskets that prevent moisture intrusion
• Intercept Shield products that actively neutralize environmental pollutants
• Temperature and humidity-controlled safe deposit boxes for long-term storage

Avoid storing coins in basements or attics where temperature and humidity fluctuate dramatically. A consistent environment around 70°F with 45-55% relative humidity is ideal.

For display purposes, consider using cases with UV-protective glass. Direct sunlight can accelerate toning and potentially cause damage over time.

To Clean or Not to Clean

This question generates more debate than almost any other in numismatics. My professional recommendation: don’t clean your Collis restrikes unless absolutely necessary.

Cleaning, even when done carefully, removes a microscopic layer of metal from the coin’s surface. This can destroy the natural luster and potentially damage fine details. Once cleaned, a coin can never return to its original state.

If you must clean a piece due to harmful deposits or PVC residue, use only distilled water and gentle patting with a soft cotton cloth. Never use commercial coin cleaners, abrasives, or dip solutions. For stubborn deposits, consult a professional conservationist rather than attempting DIY solutions.

Remember that many collectors actually prefer coins with original surfaces, even if they show some toning or minor imperfections. A cleaned coin often sells for significantly less than an untouched example.

Handling and Examination

Always handle your medals by their edges, never touching the flat surfaces with your fingers. The oils and acids on human skin can leave permanent marks and accelerate toning in those areas.

When examining pieces, use cotton gloves and work on a soft, clean surface. Keep food, drinks, and other potential contaminants away from your work area.

Document your collection with high-quality photographs and maintain records of provenance, purchase dates, and any conservation work performed. This information becomes invaluable for insurance purposes and future sales.

Insurance and Security

Given the rarity of gold and platinum specimens, proper insurance is essential. Standard homeowner’s policies often don’t provide adequate coverage for numismatic items. Consider specialized collectibles insurance that covers market value fluctuations.

For security, use a quality safe or safety deposit box. If displaying pieces at home, ensure your security system is up to date and consider using alarm sensors on display cases.

Long-term Preservation Strategy

Think of coin preservation as a long-term investment strategy. The goal isn’t just to maintain current condition, but to ensure these pieces survive for future generations to study and appreciate.

Regularly inspect your collection for signs of environmental damage, pest activity, or other threats. Even with proper storage, issues can develop over time. Early detection allows for intervention before serious damage occurs.

Consider creating a preservation plan that includes regular condition reports, environmental monitoring, and a strategy for handling your collection in the future. Who will care for these pieces when you’re no longer able? Planning ahead ensures their continued preservation.

Conclusion

The Collis Washington Born Virginia restrikes represent more than just collectible medals. They’re tangible connections to America’s early history and the artistry of both 18th-century engravers and 20th-century restrikers.

By understanding the unique preservation needs of each metal type, avoiding common mistakes like PVC exposure and improper cleaning, and implementing proper storage solutions, you can ensure these pieces remain in excellent condition for decades to come.

Remember that preservation isn’t about making coins look new again. It’s about maintaining their historical integrity and protecting the stories they tell. Whether you own a common copper example or one of the ultra-rare platinum pieces, proper care ensures these numismatic treasures continue to educate and inspire future collectors.

The next time you handle one of these medals, consider that you’re not just holding a piece of metal – you’re holding a piece of American history. Treat it accordingly, and it will reward you with decades of enjoyment and potential appreciation in value.

Related Resources

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