Grading The FDR Bust Model: The Difference Between $10 and $1,000

The Historical Context of the Roosevelt Dime Model

Condition is everything when it comes to numismatic value. The bust that served as the model for the Roosevelt dime represents one of the most significant design transitions in American coinage history. Understanding the grading nuances of this piece requires examining both its historical significance and physical characteristics.

Historical Significance

The Roosevelt dime, introduced in 1946 following President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s death, represents a pivotal moment in American numismatic history. The design controversy surrounding its creation adds layers of historical intrigue. While John R. Sinnock is officially credited as the designer, there’s compelling evidence that Selma Burke’s 1944 relief sculpture served as the primary inspiration.

Burke, an accomplished African American sculptor, created her relief after a live sitting with FDR. Her work was submitted for a competition for the Recorder of Deeds office in Washington, D.C. The striking similarity between Burke’s relief and the final dime design has led many numismatists to believe her work was the uncredited basis for Sinnock’s final design.

Identifying Key Markers

When examining the bust model, several key markers determine its grade and potential value:

Wear Patterns

The high points of the bust model are critical for determining grade. On the Roosevelt model, the most vulnerable areas include:

• The bridge of the nose
• The forehead
• The cheekbone areas
• The hair detail above the ear

Professional graders examine these areas for signs of friction or wear. Even minimal contact can significantly impact the grade, particularly on pieces that were handled during the design process.

Luster Quality

The original surface texture of the bust model is crucial for authentication and grading. High-quality models typically exhibit:

• Consistent surface texture
• Minimal handling marks
• Original tooling marks from the sculptor

The luster should be examined under proper lighting conditions, with particular attention to how light reflects off the various surfaces. Any inconsistencies may indicate restoration or damage.

Strike Quality

For models that were used in the production process, strike quality becomes a critical factor. The depth and clarity of the relief details must be evaluated:

The relief depth of Burke’s original sculpture was perhaps too deep for coinage, which is why Sinnock had to modify the design for practical minting purposes.

Professional graders look for crisp detail in the hair, facial features, and any inscriptions. The transition between high and low relief areas should be smooth and well-defined.

Eye Appeal

Beyond technical grading criteria, the overall visual impact of the piece plays a significant role in its value. Factors affecting eye appeal include:

• Patina consistency
• Color uniformity
• Presence of toning or oxidation
• Overall presentation and display quality

PCGS/NGC Standards

When submitting a bust model for professional grading, understanding the standards of major grading services is essential:

Authentication Process

PCGS and NGC employ rigorous authentication procedures for historical pieces like the Roosevelt bust model. This includes:

• Material analysis to confirm composition
• Examination of tool marks and manufacturing techniques
• Comparison with known authentic examples
• Historical documentation verification

Grading Scale Application

The grading scale for such historical pieces may differ slightly from standard coin grading. Key considerations include:

• MS (Mint State) designations for uncirculated models
• PR (Proof) designations for presentation pieces
• Special designations for historically significant pieces

Value Guide

The value of a Roosevelt bust model can vary dramatically based on grade and historical significance:

Common Examples

Standard models or reproductions typically fall in the $100-$500 range, depending on condition and presentation.

Significant Examples

Pieces with documented historical connection to the design process can command $1,000-$5,000 or more. The most valuable would be:

• Models directly linked to Selma Burke’s work
• Pieces with documented connection to John R. Sinnock
• Models that show the evolution of the design

Exceptional Examples

Rarest and most valuable would be pieces that can be definitively linked to the original design process, potentially reaching $10,000 or more at auction.

Authentication Tips

For collectors considering acquiring a Roosevelt bust model, several authentication tips are crucial:

Documentation

Always seek pieces with:

• Provenance documentation
• Historical photographs showing the piece in context
• Expert authentication letters

Physical Examination

Key elements to examine include:

• Material composition consistency
• Tooling marks matching known examples
• Age-appropriate patina or oxidation

Professional Verification

Consider submitting to PCGS or NGC for:

• Authentication certification
• Grading assessment
• Encapsulation for protection

Conclusion

The Roosevelt bust model represents a fascinating intersection of art, history, and numismatics. Understanding the grading nuances of these pieces requires attention to detail and appreciation for their historical context. Whether you’re a collector, historian, or investor, the key to unlocking the value of these pieces lies in careful examination of their physical characteristics and documented provenance.

As we’ve seen from the forum discussion, the story behind these pieces adds layers of value beyond their physical attributes. The controversy surrounding the design’s true creator, the historical significance of the Roosevelt dime, and the connection to local history in places like New Hope, Pennsylvania, all contribute to the collectibility of these pieces.

Remember that condition is indeed everything when it comes to numismatic value. A well-preserved piece with strong historical documentation can be the difference between a $10 curiosity and a $1,000 treasure. Always approach acquisitions with careful consideration and, when possible, seek professional authentication to ensure you’re adding genuine historical pieces to your collection.

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