The Real Market Value of Civil War Surrender Coins: What Collectors Are Actually Paying
April 13, 2026The Hidden History Behind April 9, 1865: Lee Surrenders to Grant
April 13, 2026The Legacy of Your Lincoln Cent Collection
I’ve seen too many valuable pieces ruined by improper cleaning or storage. Here is how to keep this safe for the next generation.
Understanding Lincoln Cent Composition and Vulnerability
Lincoln cents, minted from 1909 to present, have undergone several composition changes that affect their preservation needs. The bronze cents (1909-1982) consist of 95% copper and 5% tin and zinc, while the zinc-coated steel cents of 1943 and the copper-plated zinc cents (1982-present) each present unique preservation challenges.
Copper’s Natural Enemies
Copper naturally reacts with environmental factors, leading to toning and oxidation. While some collectors appreciate the aesthetic of natural toning, uncontrolled oxidation can damage your coins permanently. The 1922 Plain cent in Bill Jones’s collection, for example, shows how environmental exposure affects even well-preserved pieces over decades.
The PVC Threat: Recognizing and Preventing Damage
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most destructive elements for coin preservation. Found in many older plastic holders and flips, PVC breaks down over time, releasing acidic gases that cause irreversible green slime damage to coins.
Identifying PVC Damage
Look for these warning signs:
- Green, sticky residue on the coin surface
- Cloudy appearance on the holder’s interior
- Brittle or cracked plastic holders
“The 1909-S-VDB was graded VF-20 on the ANACS papers. When I had NGC grade it years later, it came in as an EF-45.” – Bill Jones
Proper Storage Solutions for Lincoln Cents
Choosing the Right Holders
For long-term preservation, consider these options:
Archival-Quality Holders
Modern coin holders made from inert materials like Mylar, polyethylene, or polypropylene provide excellent protection. These materials won’t react with your coins or degrade over time.
Albums vs. Individual Holders
While albums like the Library of Coins album mentioned by Bill Jones offer organized display, individual holders provide superior protection. For particularly valuable pieces like the 1909-S-VDB or 1922 Plain, individual holders are recommended.
Environmental Control
Store your collection in a controlled environment:
- Temperature: 65-70°F (18-21°C)
- Humidity: 45-55%
- Avoid direct sunlight and fluorescent lighting
- Use silica gel packets to control moisture
To Clean or Not to Clean: The Conservationist’s Perspective
The Case Against Cleaning
Professional conservators overwhelmingly recommend against cleaning valuable coins. Cleaning can:
- Remove the natural patina that develops over time
- Scratch the surface, reducing value
- Introduce harmful chemicals
- Make the coin appear unnatural to experienced collectors
“As a dealer I’d buy key date, frequently counterfeited coins raw if I knew they were real, but you have to deduct the grading and shipping fees plus an allowance for ‘unpleasant grading surprises’ from the grading companies.” – Bill Jones
When Cleaning Might Be Necessary
In rare cases where a coin has harmful deposits or PVC residue, professional conservation may be warranted. Always consult a professional before attempting any cleaning.
Special Considerations for Key Dates
The 1909-S V.D.B.
This iconic coin requires extra care due to its historical significance and value. The composition of 95% copper makes it particularly susceptible to environmental damage.
The 1922 Plain
Bill Jones’s EF-45 example demonstrates how proper storage preserves detail. The coin’s history, tied to the Pittman Act of 1918 and its effect on die production, makes it a fascinating piece that deserves protection.
The 1955 Doubled Die
While some debate its inclusion in a complete set, this variety requires the same careful preservation as any other key date.
Creating a Preservation Plan
Inventory and Documentation
Maintain detailed records of your collection, including:
- Purchase dates and prices
- Grading information
- Photographic documentation
- Storage locations
Regular Inspection
Periodically examine your collection for signs of deterioration:
- Check holders for cracks or degradation
- Look for toning changes
- Verify that environmental controls are functioning
Insurance and Security
For collections of significant value, consider:
- Specialized coin insurance
- Secure storage in a safe or safety deposit box
- Detailed photographic documentation for insurance purposes
Conclusion: Preserving History for Future Generations
Bill Jones’s 66-year journey to complete his Lincoln cent collection represents not just a personal achievement, but a preservation of American numismatic history. From the 1909-S-VDB purchased with ANACS papers in 1983 to the 1922 Plain acquired at a local coin show, each piece tells a story that deserves protection.
By following proper conservation practices – using appropriate holders, controlling environmental factors, avoiding cleaning, and maintaining detailed records – you ensure that your collection remains a valuable historical resource for generations to come. Remember, the goal is not just to own these pieces of history, but to preserve them in the best possible condition for future collectors and historians.
As the numismatic community continues to debate what constitutes a “complete” set, one thing remains clear: proper preservation is essential regardless of which coins you choose to include. Whether you’re just starting your Lincoln cent collection or adding that final key date, the principles of conservation remain the same – protect, preserve, and pass on the legacy.
Related Resources
You might also find these related articles helpful:
- Crafting a Coin Ring: Analyzing the Silver Content and Durability of This Unique Off-Center Piece – Introduction: The Art of Coin Ring Crafting Not every coin is suitable for crafting into jewelry. As a coin ring artisan…
- Crafting CSNS Coin Show Finds: A Jewelry Artisan’s Guide to Metal Selection – Introduction: The Art of Coin Transformation Not every coin is suitable for crafting. As a coin ring artisan, I’ve…
- Crafting Potential: Can Manchester NH Show Coins Be Made Into Jewelry? – Introduction: The Art of Coin Ring Making As a coin ring artisan, I’m always on the hunt for exceptional materials…